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Parasites play a critical yet understudied role in Arctic ecosystems, particularly within key subsistence species such as Arctic char ( Salvelinus alpinus ). As the Arctic undergoes rapid climate-driven change, establishing baseline parasite biodiversity is essential for monitoring ecological shifts and anticipating emerging health and conservation concerns. This study provides the most comprehensive assessment to date of Arct...
An experimental approach to assess the combined effects of multiple stressors on a large vertebrate speciesNARA Subscribed
The design of experiments to investigate the combined effects of multiple stressors requires exposing target organisms to multiple combinations of stressor doses. Concurrent manipulation of stressors is often infeasible with wildlife, but long‐lasting health effects allow individual health to be used as an integrator of prior stressor exposure. The population of bottlenose dolphins in Barataria Bay, Louisiana, experienced long...
Dryland ecosystems cover 41% of Earth's land surfaces, account for 44% of cultivated lands and 60% of food sources, and make large contributions to the global water and carbon cycles. However, these ecosystems are experiencing unprecedented extremes including heatwaves, floods, and droughts as well as hotter temperatures and often declining water resource availability. These ecosystems are some of the most challenging to monit...
Purpose of Review Radiotherapy serves as a palliative option for alleviating cancer pain but can also elicit chest wall pain following stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). The etiology of chest wall pain remains unclear but may relate to SBRT effects on normal ribs and responses from activated osteoclasts. This review explores potential mechanisms and treatment strategies for this increasingly common complication for patient...
The Level and Nature of Impairment on the Iowa Gambling Task Following Acquired Brain Injury: A Meta-analysisNARA Subscribed
The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) is a popular measure of risky decision-making, but to date, no formal quantitative reviews have been conducted, focused exclusively on IGT performance amongst individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI). Therefore, this meta-analytic study firstly explored performance differences between individuals with ABI vs controls. Second, we extended this comparison by investigating differences in IGT scori...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Childhood maltreatment is pervasive – with an estimated 1 in 4 children experiencing abuse or neglect at some point in their lifetime. Exposure to childhood maltreatment has been associated with detrimental neurodevelopmental changes to brain structure and function in stress-sensitive regions and regions with extended developmental periods. Such regions include the frontoparietal regions (e.g., middle frontal gyrus and dorsola...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Aim We tested whether the inverse latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) observed for trematode parasites in first‐intermediate snail hosts extends to second‐intermediate and definitive host taxa. Location Sub‐tropical to temperate latitudinal zones (±23°–47.6°) in North and South America. Taxon Trematode parasites (Class: Digenea); crustacean second‐intermediate hosts (Infra‐order: Brachyura; Anomura); fish second‐intermediate...
We present a 4D-Var data assimilation (DA) system covering the North-Western Mediterranean Sea implemented with the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). We study, throughout the year 2022, its ability to improve the description of the overall circulation and the capability to constrain the transport across the Corsica Channel (CC), the dynamics of which are crucial in determining the circulation throughout the region. The sy...
The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2024 Annual ReportNARA Subscribed
Aging humans and non-human primates both exhibit a similar pattern of cognitive decline beginning in middle age that is characterized by progressive impairments in rule learning, executive function, and working and recognition memory—functions often associated with dysfunction of prefrontal and medial temporal lobe regions. The heterogeneity and inter-subject variability in aging and age-related cognitive impairments present c...