While subarachnoid hemorrhage is the second most common hemorrhagic stroke in epidemiologic studies, the recent DISCHARGE-1 trial has shown that in reality, three-quarters of focal brain damage after subarachnoid hemorrhage is ischemic. Two-fifths of these ischemic infarctions occur early and three-fifths are delayed. The vast majority are cortical infarcts whose pathomorphology corresponds to anemic infarcts. Therefore, we pr...

Autosomal-dominant spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by progressive ataxia. Here, we report on neurometabolic alterations in spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1; SCA-ATXN1) and 14 (SCA14; SCA-PRKCG) assessed by non-invasive 1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Three Tesla 1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed in 17 SCA14, 14 SCA1 patients, and in 31 healthy volunteers. We as...

The afferent visual pathway represents the most frequently affected white matter pathway in multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can reveal microstructural or non-overt brain tissue damage and quantify pathological processes. DTI facilitates the reconstruction of major white matter fiber tracts allowing for the assessment of structure-function and damage-dy...

The vertical temperature structure in the area of Garmisch‐Partenkirchen between the Loisach river valley and the highest mountain in Germany (Zugspitze, 2962 m a.s.l.) is analysed. Using long time series (1936–2008) of daily mean, minimum and maximum temperatures from two meteorological stations, in the valley floor and on the mountain top, we studied seasonal variations in temperature lapse rates. By using daily data on weat...

Summary The gastrointestinal tract of mammals is inhabited by several hundred bacterial species. While the effects of the gut microbiota upon the host have been widely studied, the microbial response to host factors has only recently attracted attention. In order to investigate the influence of the host on the physiology of gastrointestinal bacteria, a simplified model of host–bacteria interaction was created by associating ge...