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Mind the gap: global targets and strategies for ex situ conservation of critically endangered plantsNARA Subscribed
An estimated 45% of plants are threatened with extinction, with those classified as “Critically Endangered” (CR) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature at the highest risk and in urgent need of ex situ conservation. We performed a gap analysis of CR plants stored in in the Millennium Seed Bank Partnership (MSBP), a global network spanning 101 countries and territories, to assess their current conservation status...
Agroforestry systems, such as shade-grown coffee plantations are particularly well suited to address the challenges of climate change, due to potential synergies between adaptation and mitigation strategies. The traditional knowledge of coffee producers can play a critical role in optimizing agroforestry approaches and shade tree selection to balance biodiversity conservation and local needs. This knowledge was used in a two-s...
Identification of high-risk carotid plaques in asymptomatic patients remains a challenging but crucial step in stroke prevention. The challenge is to accurately monitor the development of high-risk carotid plaques and promptly identify patients, who are unresponsive to best medical therapy, and hence targeted for carotid surgical interventions to prevent stroke. Inflammation is a key operator in destabilisation of plaques prio...
A substantially rich diversity of the world’s recorded useful plants (UPs) is captured within the Millennium Seed Bank collection hosted by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, at Wakehurst, UK with 13,598 species (34%) belonging to 3696 genera and 325 families. This constitutes just over half of the total accessions and one third of the species and covers all 9 continents, 8 realms, 14 biomes, 34 biodiversity hotspots and 175 coun...
Global maps of soil temperatureNARA Subscribed
Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1‐km 2 r...
The insect-killing bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens has the lowest mutation rate among bacteriaNARA Subscribed
Mutation is a primary source of genetic variation that is used to power evolution. Many studies, however, have shown that most mutations are deleterious and, as a result, extremely low mutation rates might be beneficial for survival. Using a mutation accumulation experiment, an unbiased method for mutation study, we found an extremely low base-substitution mutation rate of 5.94 × 10 –11 per nucleotide site per cell division (9...
Native trees from the Caribbean were tested for seed desiccation responses, by adapting the “100-seed test” protocol. Ninety-seven seed lots of 91 species were collected in the Dominican Republic and tested for germination immediately after collecting, and after drying and moist storage. Seed desiccation sensitivity was assessed as a continuous variable (Viability Loss Index; VLI), based on seed germination values before and a...
Taxon‐ and vector‐specific variation in species richness and abundance during the transport stage of biological invasionsNARA Subscribed
Recent empirical and statistical evidence suggest that propagule pressure (i.e., number of individuals introduced per event, and the number and frequency of events) and colonization pressure (i.e., number of species released per event, and the number and frequency of events) are of vital importance to invasion success. To explore possible changes in propagule and colonization pressure during the transport stage of the invasion...
Many of the skills and resources associated with botanic gardens and arboreta, including plant taxonomy, horticulture, and seed bank management, are fundamental to ecological restoration efforts, yet few of the world's botanic gardens are involved in the science or practice of restoration. Thus, we examined the potential role of botanic gardens in these emerging fields. We believe a reorientation of certain existing institutio...
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