Michelle Jackson results 64
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Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Daily temperature variation explains zooplankton community differences in freshwater mesocosms recovering from a natural droughtNARA Subscribed
Drought events are typically studied as a single stressor. However, multiple environmental variables are altered under drought conditions, including water level and daily temperature variation. Here, we experimentally manipulated both variables in 16 outdoor mesocosms to disentangle how they impact freshwater zooplankton communities. During a natural drought in summer 2022, we maintained water level in eight mesocosms while al...
Experimental Evidence for the Desynchronization of Ecosystem Dynamics by Global ChangeNARA Subscribed
Anticipating ecosystem responses to global change requires identifying the isolated and combined effects of environmental disturbance across both space and time. Examining the coordinated responses of ecosystems has recently emerged as a powerful approach to advance this understanding. We conducted two complementary experiments to identify whether, and if so how, warming temperatures, nutrient enrichment, predator overexploita...
Looks Can Be Deceiving: Morphological Traits Are Weakly Associated With the Isotopic Niches of Freshwater FishesNARA Subscribed
Aim Fueled by the emergence of global‐scale databases, fish morphological traits are now routinely used as a proxy for trophic ecology when estimating functional diversity. Yet, a rigorous empirical validation of trophic‐morphology relationships is lacking. This study offers a global test of whether species' morphology is associated with a known indicator of trophic ecology, stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen. Locati...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...
Multiple Stressors Simplify Freshwater Food WebsNARA Subscribed
Globally, freshwater ecosystems are threatened by multiple stressors, yet our knowledge of how they interact to affect food web structure remains scant. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a large‐scale mesocosm experiment to quantify the single and combined effects of three common anthropogenic stressors: warming, increased nutrient loading, and insecticide pollution, on the network structure of shallow lake food webs...
Warming reduces trophic diversity in high‐latitude food websNARA Subscribed
The physical effects of climate warming have been well documented, but the biological responses are far less well known, especially at the ecosystem level and at large (intercontinental) scales. Global warming over the next century is generally predicted to reduce food web complexity, but this is rarely tested empirically due to the dearth of studies isolating the effects of temperature on complex natural food webs. To overcom...
Studying interactions among anthropogenic stressors in freshwater ecosystems: A systematic review of 2396 multiple‐stressor experimentsNARA Subscribed
Understanding the interactions among anthropogenic stressors is critical for effective conservation and management of ecosystems. Freshwater scientists have invested considerable resources in conducting factorial experiments to disentangle stressor interactions by testing their individual and combined effects. However, the diversity of stressors and systems studied has hindered previous syntheses of this body of research. To o...
Winter is coming: Interactions of multiple stressors in winter and implications for the natural worldNARA Subscribed
Winter is a key driver of ecological processes in freshwater, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, particularly in higher latitudes. Species have evolved various adaptive strategies to cope with food limitations and the cold and dark wintertime. However, human‐induced climate change and other anthropogenic stressors are impacting organisms in winter in unpredictable ways. In this paper, we show that global change experiments inv...
The Caenorhabditis Intervention Testing Program (CITP) is an NIH-funded research consortium of investigators who conduct analyses at three independent sites to identify chemical interventions that reproducibly promote health and lifespan in a robust manner. The founding principle of the CITP is that compounds with positive effects across a genetically diverse panel of Caenorhabditis species and strains are likely engaging cons...
Freshwater ecosystems are increasingly threatened by multiple anthropogenic stressors. Release of treated sewage effluent and pollution from agricultural or urban sources can independently reduce water quality with implications for ecological communities. However, our knowledge of the combined effects of these stressors is limited. We performed a field study to quantify the combined effect of treated sewage discharge and land...
Extensive regional variation in the phenology of insects and their response to temperature across N orth A mericaNARA Subscribed
Climate change models often assume similar responses to temperatures across the range of a species, but local adaptation or phenotypic plasticity can lead plants and animals to respond differently to temperature in different parts of their range. To date, there have been few tests of this assumption at the scale of continents, so it is unclear if this is a large‐scale problem. Here, we examined the assumption that insect taxa...
Atlantic flower–invertebrate interactions: A data set of occurrence and frequency of floral visitsNARA Subscribed
Encounters between flowers and invertebrates are key events for the functioning of tropical forests. Assessing the structure of networks composed of the interactions between those partners leads to a better understanding of ecosystem functioning and the effects of environmental factors on ecological processes. Gathering such data is, however, costly and time‐consuming, especially in the highly diverse tropics. We aimed to prov...
Advancing the scholarship and practice of stakeholder engagement in working landscapes: a co-produced research agendaNARA Subscribed
Participatory approaches to science and decision making, including stakeholder engagement, are increasingly common for managing complex socio-ecological challenges in working landscapes. However, critical questions about stakeholder engagement in this space remain. These include normative, political, and ethical questions concerning who participates, who benefits and loses, what good can be accomplished, and for what, whom, an...