Polymetallic nodules enriched in Mn, Ni, Cu, Co, and other metals may be one of the first seabed mineral resources to be exploited. Although optical imagery is crucial for resource evaluation, semi-buried nodules are frequently overlooked. To address this, we propose a framework that integrates the elliptic approximation method (EAM) and the contour interweaving method (CIM) to reconstruct three types of semi-buried nodules se...

Steel structures exposed to estuarine regions near the sea are susceptible to high-velocity and sediment-laden flows induced by runoff and tides, as well as storm surges, leading to significant erosion. This erosion causes defects in the protective coatings on steel surfaces, resulting in the accelerated corrosion of their components. However, damage to the protective coating of steel components is a relatively long process an...