Inertia-based resistance exercise with flywheels leads to strong acute metabolic responses. However, the metabolic kinetics during a multi-set flywheel squat protocol with increasing loads remains unknown. The aim of the study was to assess the course of blood lactate concentrations (BLC), oxygen uptake (VO 2 ), heart rate (HR) and power during a multi-set protocol of flywheel squat training. Seventeen recreationally trained h...

Training load (TL) assessment and management are important in athletic training, physical therapy, and sports science, as exercise-induced responses to the exercise stimulus depend on the dose of the applied exercise stimulus. Different TL may result in distinct adaptation, intervention feasibility, or injury risks, amongst other considerations. However, often studies are based on interventions with different TL between the gr...

Purpose This study examined the repeated bout effect of two resistance training bouts on cycling efficiency and performance. Methods Ten male resistance-untrained cyclists (age 38 ± 13 years; height 180.4 ± 7.0 cm; weight 80.1 ± 10.1; kg; V O 2max 51.0 ± 7.6 ml.kg −1 .min −1 ) undertook two resistance training bouts at six-repetition maximum. Blood creatine kinase (CK), delayed-onset of muscle soreness (DOMS), counter-movement...

Purpose Cytokines are released as part of an inflammatory reaction in response to strength exercise to initiate muscle repair and morphological adaptations. Whether hormonal fluctuations induced by the menstrual cycle or oral contraceptives affect inflammatory responses to strength exercise remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to compare the response of cytokines after acute strength exercise in naturally menstruating women an...

Purpose It remains unknown how different training intensities and volumes chronically impact circulating lymphocytes and cellular adhesion molecules. First, we aimed to monitor changes in NK and T cells over a training season and relate these to training load. Second, we analyzed effects of training differences between swimmers on these cells. Finally, we examined if changes in lymphocytes were associated with sICAM-1 concentr...

Main conclusion During fruit development, cell wall deposition rate decreases and cell wall swelling increases. The cell wall swelling pressure is very low relative to the fruit’s highly negative osmotic potential. Abstract Rain cracking of sweet cherry fruit is preceded by the swelling of the cell walls. Cell wall swelling decreases both the cell: cell adhesion and the cell wall fracture force. Rain cracking susceptibility in...

The scientific interest of exercise medicine for the treatment of cancer is ever expanding. Recently published and updated guidelines for exercise training in cancer patients by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), the Clinical Oncology Society of Australia (COSA) or the Exercise and Sports Science Australia (ESSA) are leading the way towards an individualized approach for exercise prescription. These guidelines pro...

Purpose Due to distinct immuno- and neuro-modulatory properties, growing research interest focuses on exercise-induced alterations of the kynurenine (KYN) pathway in healthy and clinical populations. To date, knowledge about the impact of different acute strength exercise modalities on the KYN pathway is scarce. Therefore, we investigated the acute effects of hypertrophic (HYP) compared to maximal (MAX) strength loadings on th...

Main conclusion Swelling of sweet cherry cell walls is a physical process counterbalanced by turgor. Cell turgor prevents swelling in intact cells, whereas loss of turgor allows cell walls to swell. Abstract Swelling of epidermal cell walls precedes skin failure in sweet cherry ( Prunus avium ) cracking. Swollen cell walls lead to diminished cell:cell adhesions. We identify the mechanism of cell wall swelling. Swelling was qua...