Red blood cells (RBCs) are the most abundant cell types in the circulatory system of vertebrates. In fish, RBCs retain their nuclei throughout their lifetime and remain transcriptionally and translationally active. While their primary function is typically associated with gas exchange, recent reports indicate that nucleated red blood cells can play a significant role in regulating the body's innate immune response. The current...

Lgp2 (laboratory of genetics and physiology 2) is a cytosolic viral sensor of the RLR (retinoic acid‐inducible gene 1 like receptor) family member without the caspase recruitment domain, having both inhibitory and stimulatory roles in RLR‐signalling pathway. In India, Labeo rohita (rohu) is one of the leading and economically favoured freshwater fish species. Several immunological sentry proteins have been reported in this fis...

Mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are crucial Ser/Thr protein kinases that play important roles in innate immunity by converting extracellular stimuli into a wide range of cellular responses, including the production of cytokines. In this study, two MAPK genes, jnk1 and erk1 , were cloned and characterized in rohu ( Labeo rohita ), a commercially important freshwater fish species in the Indian subcontinent. In healthy...