Urban water utilities (UWU) face escalating challenges from rapid urbanization, climate change, aging infrastructure, and institutional fragmentation. This review synthesizes evidence from 62 peer-reviewed studies to critically examine how risk analysis and management are conceptualized and applied in UWU across diverse geographies and economic settings. Through thematic dimensions on geospatial factors, including climate, ter...

This study introduces a robust-efficient method for estimating the parameters of the generalized Pareto distribution (GPD), based on the probability integral transform. The probability integral transform estimator (PITE) is designed to enhance robustness in the presence of outliers, a frequent challenge in modeling extreme events. We also study the properties of PITE, including its efficiency and its robustness based on score...