Drought poses a significant threat to agriculture in the transboundary Indus River Basin (IRB), which supports over 300 million people through direct and indirect dependence on agriculture. With limited cropland and growing climatic stress, the basin faces an increasing risk to food security. Yet, comprehensive assessments of cropland exposure to drought under a changing climate and socioeconomic conditions remain lacking. Thi...

Offshore wind turbine support structures are increasingly required to operate in deeper and more demanding marine environments, where cyclic loading, hydrodynamic forcing, corrosion, scour, soil-structure interaction, and limited long-term monitoring continue to challenge structural reliability and lifecycle performance. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the reliability, degradation mechanisms, and maintenance needs...

This paper presents an interval-observer-based actuator fault detection and isolation (FDI) method for underactuated autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) under bounded hydrodynamic uncertainty and time-varying ocean currents. A locally frozen linear time-invariant (LTI) representation enables deterministic set-membership analysis, and the robust adaptive propagated interval observer (RAPIO) propagates admissible center–radius...