Intestinal inflammation disrupts epithelial integrity, fuels antibiotic resistance, and underlies disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. Lactobacillus species, established inhabitants of traditional and contemporary fermented foods, are increasingly viewed as bioactive cultures that shape host immunity and support formulation of next-generation functional foods. This review integrates multidisciplinary evidence from in...

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As the world’s largest archipelagic state, Indonesia is increasingly exposed to microplastic contamination across its aquatic environments. This review synthesizes evidence from 497 publications reporting microplastic occurrence in environmental matrices across the Indonesian archipelago, including freshwater and marine waters, sediments, and aquatic biota. The analysis examines reported abundance levels, dominant polymer type...