Kutta is an indigenous sheep breed found in the mountainous region of Swat, Pakistan. In this study we evaluated the performance of Kutta sheep within their natural habitat and identified genomic regions associated with environmental adaptability using whole genome sequencing. Flocks are mostly managed under a transhumant production system with year-round breeding. Kutta sheep demonstrated higher lambing efficiency under the a...

The Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) hosts the largest concentration of glaciers, seasonal snow, and permafrost outside the polar regions. Ongoing climate change has accelerated glacier mass loss, reduced snow cover, degraded permafrost, and altered runoff seasonality. These changes have amplified multihazard risks such as glacial lake outburst floods, avalanches, and landslides, with cascading impacts on water, energy, food, ecosyst...

Accurate monitoring of nitrate and nitrite concentrations in water is essential for sustainable agriculture, safeguarding public health, and protecting aquatic ecosystems from nutrient pollution. Traditional methods for detecting nitrate and nitrite in water samples are precise but costly, complex, and time-consuming, limiting their practicality for frequent on-site testing. This research proposes deep learning-based computer...

Plant growth is significantly impacted by the concentration of nutrients in the soil. Accurate and real-time measurement of nitrates and nitrites levels remains a significant challenge. Existing laboratory-based methods are expensive, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, highlighting the need for a rapid, on-site solution. This study proposes a rapid method for measuring nitrates and nitrite levels in water samples collected f...