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Soil Microbial Diversity and Network Organization Respond to Land Use and Agricultural Inputs WorldwideNARA Subscribed
Soil microbiomes are critical for ecosystem functioning, yet the global influences of climate and agricultural practices on their diversity and structure remain incompletely characterized. Here we analyzed 1921 soil samples from 33 countries worldwide across diverse biomes to assess how climate gradients and agricultural inputs, including pesticides and fertilizers, shape prokaryotic and fungal communities. We found that micro...
When can we detect lianas from space? Toward a mechanistic understanding of liana‐infested forest opticsNARA Subscribed
Lianas, woody vines acting as structural parasites of trees, have profound effects on the composition and structure of tropical forests, impacting tree growth, mortality, and forest succession. Remote sensing could offer a powerful tool for quantifying the scale of liana infestation, provided the availability of robust detection methods. We analyze the consistency and global geographic specificity of spectral signals—reflectan...
This review examines high-quality research evidence that synthesises the effects of extreme heat on human health in tropical Africa. Web of Science (WoS) was used to identify research articles on the effects extreme heat, humidity, Wet-bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT), apparent temperature, wind, Heat Index, Humidex, Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), heatwave, high temperature and hot climate on human health, human comfort,...
Populations on the edge of a species' distribution may represent an important source of adaptive diversity, yet these populations tend to be more fragmented and are more likely to be geographically isolated. Lack of genetic exchanges between such populations, due to barriers to animal movement, can not only compromise adaptive potential but also lead to the fixation of deleterious alleles. The south‐eastern edge of chimpanzee...
Cold temperature stress and damaged skin induced high mortality in barramundi ( Lates calcarifer ) challenged with Vibrio harveyiNARA Subscribed
Most diseases in aquaculture are caused by opportunistic pathogens. One of them, Vibrio harveyi , is a widespread Gram‐negative bacterium that has become an important pathogen of aquatic species in marine environments. Here, we propose the use of the causal pie model as a framework to conceptualize the causation of vibriosis in juvenile barramundi ( Lates calcarifer ) and to establish an effective challenge model. In the model...
Fungal and bacterial endophytes antagonistic to Phytophthora species causing root rot in Cinnamomum cassiaNARA Subscribed
Endophytes were investigated for their potential to protect Cinnamomum cassia (cinnamon) from Phytophthora root rot. From healthy cinnamon trees in diseased plantations, 134 bacterial and fungal endophytes were isolated and screened in vitro for their ability to antagonise the root rot pathogens Phytophthora cinnamomi , P. multibullata and P. × vanyenensis . Seventeen endophytes exhibiting high levels of antagonism in vitro (m...
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Aeromonas salmonicida is a Gram‐negative bacterium that can infect a wide host range of fish populations, including salmonids and non‐salmonids as well as freshwater and marine life. Some strains of A. salmonicida cause the disease furunculosis, which can cause lethargy, intestinal inflammation, ulcers, haemorrhaging and death. The infection is spread through fish‐to‐fish contact, and the presence of infection can have devasta...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
Neotropical black mangrove ( Avicennia germinans ) is expanding poleward into temperate salt marsh along Atlantic Florida, USA, with field evidence of trait shifts consistent with greater cold tolerance within range margin populations. However, whether these shifts have a genetic basis remains unanswered. To address this gap, we measured multiple phenotypic traits of twenty A. germinans maternal cohorts from areas in both the...
Seawater transmission and infection dynamics of pilchard orthomyxovirus (POMV) in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar )NARA Subscribed
The Tasmanian salmon industry had remained relatively free of major viral diseases until the emergence of pilchard orthomyxovirus (POMV). Originally isolated from wild pilchards, POMV is of concern to the industry as it can cause high mortality in farmed salmon ( Salmo salar ). Field observations suggest the virus can spread from pen to pen and between farms, but evidence of passive transmission in sea water was unclear. Our a...
From empirical to theoretical models of light response curves - linking photosynthetic and metabolic acclimationNARA Subscribed
Light response curves (LRCs) describe how the rate of photosynthesis varies as a function of light. They provide information on the maximum photosynthetic capacity, quantum yield, light compensation point and leaf radiation use efficiency of leaves. Light response curves are widely used to capture photosynthetic phenotypes in response to changing environmental conditions. However, models describing these are predominantly empi...