The utilisation of electrical equipment for the purpose of stunning animals prior to slaughter is a common practice in pig abattoirs across the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two-electrode electrical stunning on behavioural markers of unconsciousness in two commercial systems of physical restraint and exsanguination. A total of 959 Landrace X Large White commercial crossbred pigs, with an average...

The protective role of dietary vitamin D intake on cognitive function is of interest, but evidence remains inconsistent. We aimed to evaluate the association between dietary vitamin D intake and 2-year cognitive changes in older adults at risk of cognitive decline. This longitudinal study comprised 5454 individuals (aged 55–75 years in men and 60–75 years in women) who exhibited overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome. Data...

The identification of high‐performance indicator taxa that combine practical feasibility and ecological value requires an understanding of the costs and benefits of surveying different taxa. We present a generic and novel framework for identifying such taxa, and illustrate our approach using a large‐scale assessment of 14 different higher taxa across three forest types in the Brazilian Amazon, estimating both the standardized...