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Deviations from additivity in APOE4-mediated late-onset Alzheimer’s disease risk across races and ethnicitiesNARA Subscribed
APOE ’s ε4 haplotype ( APOE4 ) is late onset Alzheimer’s disease’s (LOAD) strongest genetic risk factor. Therefore, accurately modeling APOE4 ’s effect is critical to understanding LOAD. This is especially important as APOE4 odds ratios (OR) vary across racial and ethnic (R/E) groups. We analyzed the APOE4 -LOAD association in 3,196 East Asian, 31,105 non-Hispanic White (White), 1,646 Hispanic and Latino (Hispanic), and 6,068...
High Site Fidelity and Elevated δ¹⁵N in Bonefish (Albula vulpes) Suggest Localized Wastewater Stress in a Marine National ParkNARA Subscribed
Coastal zones are subjected to many anthropogenic stresses that operate on multiple spatial scales. Understanding how these stressors interact with the movement and resource ecology of mobile species is critical for effective conservation and management. Biscayne National Park (BNP) is adjacent to Miami (U.S.) and supports an economically important recreational fishery for bonefish ( Albula vulpes ). Within BNP, the western re...
Smoke from wildfires can be transported hundreds of miles, exposing birds to toxic air across a large geographic area. Yet, research on the impacts of wildfire smoke on wild birds is extremely limited. Quantifying the relationship between wildfire smoke and bird detectability during monitoring surveys is a critical first step in assessing the broader ecological impacts of smoke disturbance. In this study, we evaluate how fine...
Mineral Stabilization Slows Losses of Peatland Carbon Following Long‐Term Drainage for AgricultureNARA Subscribed
Cultivated peatlands are a major CO 2 emission source, but the processes that regulate the decomposition of drained peat are debated, especially as drained peat becomes increasingly shallow. Many cultivated peatlands are underlain by a mineral soil layer. Surface subsidence, oxidation and tillage reduce the peat thickness, which intermixes peat with minerals as peat is lost. A key question is whether this mixing can reduce emi...
The late Early Miocene site of Buluk, Kenya, has yielded a rich mammalian fauna comprised of about 30 species in 20 genera, notably including a stem cercopithecoid and a range of primitive hominoids. This temporal interval is poorly represented in Africa but is important because it coincides with the Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO), a previous period of global warming tied to a carbon excursion. As the only late Early Miocene f...
The Asia region harbors exceptional chondrichthyan (shark, ray, and chimaera) diversity but faces intense fishing pressure. The Important Shark and Ray Areas (ISRA) process provides a collaborative, evidence-based framework to identify critical habitats and inform spatial management. We assessed ISRAs across the Bay of Bengal, Southeast Asia, and the Northwest Pacific to characterize their extent, ecological significance, and...
Assessment of two minimally invasive methodologies for sex identification in the European eel, Anguilla anguillaNARA Subscribed
Sex is an important driver of variation in behaviour, ecology and physiology. Sex identification in the Critically Endangered European eel ( Anguilla anguilla ) currently requires fish sacrifice, or the use of morphological differences such as body length, which can be inaccurate in certain habitats and at intermediate body lengths. Non‐lethal tools for accurate sex identification in this species are therefore required. Here,...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of relative age effects (RAEs) within and between U18, U21 and professional senior squads, that compete in the highest (respective) leagues within England. Birthdate, playing position and age (years) of U18 ( n = 487), U21 ( n = 350), and senior ( n = 396) players from squads competing in the highest divisions of their respective age groups were obtained. Moreover, na...
Increases in invertebrate abundance and shifts in assemblage composition following rodent eradication on Lord Howe IslandNARA Subscribed
Invasive rodents represent one of the most serious threats to island ecosystems, affecting a wide range of native plants, vertebrates and invertebrates. While nearly ubiquitous on human-modified islands, the last four decades have seen the advent of targeted rodent eradications, which have generally resulted in positive impacts for biodiversity. Invertebrates, which are crucial to the functioning of island ecosystems, are know...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...