Ash layers within extensive pyroclastic density current (PDC) deposits can be important in understanding the evolution of explosive eruptions. If interpreted as ashfall deposits, they may be used to identify hiatus episodes and determine how many pyroclastic density currents were generated during an eruption. However, such layers, which often contain ash aggregates indicating the presence of moisture, may be variably deposited...

Otosclerosis is a bone disorder of the otic capsule and common form of late-onset hearing impairment. Considered a complex disease, little is known about its pathogenesis. Over the past 20 years, ten autosomal dominant loci ( OTSC1-10 ) have been mapped but no genes identified. Herein, we map a new OTSC locus to a 9.96 Mb region within the FOX gene cluster on 16q24.1 and identify a 15 bp coding deletion in Forkhead Box L1 co-s...

The serological reactivity between strains of each of the six currently genetically defined subtypes of salmonid alphavirus ( SAV ) was examined by comparison of homologous and heterologous virus neutralization titres on sera from experimentally infected fish. With the exception of the level of SAV subtype 6 neutralization by heterologous sera, good cross‐neutralization was detected between all subtypes, albeit with variation...

A comparative challenge study of six marine isolates representing subtypes 1–6 of salmonid alphavirus ( salmon pancreas disease virus , Genus Alphavirus , Family Togaviridae ) was conducted in Atlantic salmon in a fresh water cohabitation trial. Histopathological lesions typical of pancreas disease were observed with all subtypes, and virus was re‐isolated from serum of cohabitant fish in each case. Using a virus neutralizatio...