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Lessons learnt from the history and development of a national wildlife health surveillance scheme in England and WalesNARA Subscribed
We provide a narrative history of the first government scheme to assess wildlife health in England and Wales. The Diseases of Wildlife Scheme started on a trial basis in 1998. It became established due to the significant national disease challenges from highly pathogenic avian influenza virus and West Nile virus. The development of the scheme reflected UK Government guidance on animal disease surveillance and also external pub...
Background and aims Diversifying grassland sward composition and application of microbial inoculants are potential alternative routes to facilitate enhanced nutrient acquisition by plants, but their relative effects have been rarely tested in grasslands. In a two-year field experiment, we investigated the impact of inoculants and sward types on forage yield, nutrient uptake, and the soil microbiome. Methods We implemented a fu...
Forest reorganisation effects on fuel moisture content can exceed changes due to climate warming in wet temperate forestsNARA Subscribed
The distributions of vegetation and fire activity are changing rapidly in response to climate warming. In many regions, climate effects on dead fuel moisture content (FMC) are expected to increase future wildfire activity. However, forest FMC is largely driven by microclimate conditions, which are moderated from open weather by vegetation canopies. As shifts in vegetation increase under climate warming, the extent to which fut...
Production and characterisation of modularly deuterated UBE2D1–Ub conjugate by small angle neutron and X-ray scatteringNARA Subscribed
This structural study exploits the possibility to use modular protein deuteration to facilitate the study of ubiquitin signalling, transfer, and modification. A protein conjugation reaction is used to combine protonated E2 enzyme with deuterated ubiquitin for small angle X-ray and neutron scattering with neutron contrast variation. The combined biomolecules stay as a monodisperse system during data collection in both protonate...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
Linking long-term soil phosphorus management to microbial communities involved in nitrogen reactionsNARA Subscribed
The influence of soil phosphorous (P) content on the N-cycling communities and subsequent effects on N 2 O emissions remains unclear. Two laboratory incubation experiments were conducted on soils collected from a long-term (est. 1995) P-addition field trial sampled in summer 2018 and winter 2019. Incubations were treated with a typical field amendment rate of N as well as a C-amendment to stimulate microbial activity. Througho...
Inorganic N transformations were examined in streambed sediments from the Shingobee River using sediment perfusion cores. The experimental design simulated groundwater‐stream water mixing within sediment cores, which provided a well‐defined one‐dimensional representation of in situ hydrologic conditions. Two distinct hydrologic and chemical settings were preserved in the sediment cores: the lowermost sediments, perfused with g...
A mini drivepoint sampler for measuring pore water solute concentrations in the hyporheic zone of sand‐bottom streamsNARA Subscribed
A new method for collecting pore‐water samples in gravel streambeds is presented. We developed a mini drivepoint solution sampling (MINIPOINT) technique to collect pore‐water samples at 2.5‐cm vertical resolution. The sampler consisted of six small‐diameter stainless steel drivepoints arranged in a 10‐cm‐diameter circular array. In a simple procedure, the sampler was installed in the streambed to preset drivepoint depths of 2....
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