An overview is presented of the principal features of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnections in terms of regional patterns of surface temperature, precipitation and mid‐tropospheric atmospheric circulation. The discussion is cast in the context of variations in the associations over time, with decadal scale changes emphasized. In the five decades or so for which we have adequate records to reliably analyse the...

The distribution of dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) assemblages in surface sediment samples from 677 sites of the northern North Atlantic, Arctic and sub‐Arctic seas is discussed with emphasis on the relationships with sea‐surface parameters, including sea‐ice cover, salinity and temperature of the coldest and warmest months. Difficulties in developing a circum‐Arctic data base include the morphological variation within taxa (e...

A process-based model (SPM2) was developed to simulate net hourly exchanges of carbon for slash pine (Pinus elliottii var. elliottii) ecosystems in north-central Florida, and simulated values were compared to those obtained using eddy covariance measurements above the canopy. The SPM2 simulated relatively low hourly rates of net carbon exchange at high irradiance during the day, especially during the month of May. This discrep...