P. M. Stephens results 543
· Newest (Page 1/22, per page 25)
Author: P. M. Stephens ×Clear All Filters
Search Results
Demography and Localized Reservoirs of Diversity Underlie Global Divergence in the Giant Kelp Macrocystis pyriferaNARA Subscribed
Accurate assessments of genetic diversity are crucial for effective management of natural resources. Numerous evolutionary mechanisms and genetic constraints can shape lineage divergence, challenging our quantification of biodiversity. Here, using whole genome resequencing of globally distributed giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera (Order: Laminariales), we show clear separation of genetic groups across the Pacific based on 99 ge...
Diagnosing Linearity Along the Carbon Cascade in Terrestrial Biosphere Models and ObservationsNARA Subscribed
Elevated carbon dioxide (eCO 2 ) acts as a fertiliser for photosynthesis, driving an increase in gross primary production (GPP). However, it is unclear how effectively increased GPP propagates along the ‘carbon (C) cascade’ to increase net primary production (NPP) and vegetation C stocks ( C veg ) in different plant compartments. Vegetation models were criticised for being overly sensitive to photosynthesis (source‐driven), ne...
A primary care pharmacogenetic precision medicine pilot based on specific Māori tribal ethical frameworks and principlesNARA Subscribed
Indigenous tribal communities are frequently underserved by genomic medicine because they are under-represented in research, often live in remote locations and have ethical and cultural perspectives that vary from westernised standpoints. The Rakeiora platform, a permissioning and analytical environment that incorporates Māori perspectives and ethical frameworks on how precision medicine research is best conducted was used to...
Assessing Climate Adaptation Among Canada Lynx ( Lynx canadensis ) Populations at the Trailing EdgeNARA Subscribed
Species must acclimate, shift their distribution, or adapt in place in response to anthropogenic climate change. Populations at the low‐latitude trailing edge of the species distribution typically experience thermal conditions closest to the upper limit of their thermoregulatory capacity. Landscape and functional genomic approaches provide quantitative measures of risk and adaptive capacity which can inform and prioritise cons...
Since the early 2000's, Modern Coexistence Theory (MCT) has guided empirical investigations of coexistence. We reviewed empirical applications of MCT to answer two questions: (1) What have we learned about the strength of temporal, spatial and variation‐independent mechanisms of coexistence in nature? (2) How have studies of niche and fitness differences advanced our understanding of coexistence? With respect to the first ques...
Antibiotics cause significant gut microbiome dysbiosis, particularly when administered orally. This contributes to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and is associated with myriad health conditions. Novel drug delivery strategies that minimize gut exposure while maintaining therapeutic efficacy are urgently needed. This study aimed to evaluate whether a novel transdermal system could reduce gut microbiome disruption compared to or...
Rock outcrops are geological formations that harbor a highly specialized biota adapted to harsh environmental conditions that differ from their surrounding landscapes. They are globally distributed, especially in old, highly weathered landscapes, and can function as habitat islands containing high levels of endemism and distinct evolutionary lineages. Despite their ecoevolutionary importance, rock outcrops remain largely overl...
Introduction Quantitative fatty acid signature analysis (QFASA) can provide species level diet estimates integrated over weeks to months, which are valuable for assessing health, ecological roles, and disturbance vulnerability. However, the approach has seen limited use in cetaceans. Calibration coefficients (CCs) have mainly been derived from non-cetacean mammals, best-fit QFASA model parameters are undefined, and the tempora...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Key message A new approach is proposed for the use of the genetic markers to manage DUS trials, targeted at individual phenotypic characteristics using genomic prediction, as well for supporting Distinctness decisions. Abstract High-performing crop varieties underpin food security. Due to the cost of developing varieties, systems have been established to provide breeders with legal protection for their varieties. In many count...