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Blacktip sharks ( Carcharhinus limbatus ) are a circumglobal species that rely on nearshore nursery habitats during their early years. Movement patterns and habitat use of blacktip sharks in the Hawaiian Islands is poorly understood, and no nursery habitats have been discovered within Hawai’i. For this study, juvenile blacktip sharks (n = 29) were caught and tagged in Hilo Bay, Hawai’i, USA with acoustic transmitters. Tracking...
Introduction Quantitative fatty acid signature analysis (QFASA) can provide species level diet estimates integrated over weeks to months, which are valuable for assessing health, ecological roles, and disturbance vulnerability. However, the approach has seen limited use in cetaceans. Calibration coefficients (CCs) have mainly been derived from non-cetacean mammals, best-fit QFASA model parameters are undefined, and the tempora...
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...
The goal of this study was to analyze data from a 10-year bottom longline survey to examine spatial, temporal, and environmental effects on demersal fishes along the Texas coast within the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Generalized additive models (GAMs) and generalized linear models (GLMs) were employed to evaluate trends and patterns in species composition (species richness and species diversity), relative abundance, and prese...
Exposure to indoor radon presents a significant risk for lung cancer and is also suspected to be associated with other health issues such as chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and leukemia. This study examined the association between indoor radon exposure and self-reported cases of lung cancer, COPD, and leukemia among individuals living in close proximity to gold mine tailings, a known source of high radon levels....
Getting better with age: Lessons from the Kenya Long‐term Exclosure Experiment ( KLEE )NARA Subscribed
The Kenya long‐term exclosure experiment (KLEE) was established in 1995 in semi‐arid savanna rangeland to examine the separate and combined effects of livestock, wildlife and megaherbivores on their shared environment. The long‐term nature of this experiment has allowed us to measure these effects and address questions of stability and resilience in the context of multiple drought‐rainy cycles. Here we outline lessons learned...
Surgical and Radiology Trainees’ Proficiency in Reading Mammograms: the Importance of Education for Cancer LocalisationNARA Subscribed
Medical imaging with mammography plays a very important role in screening and diagnosis of breast cancer, Australia’s most common female cancer. The visualisation of cancers on mammograms often forms a diagnosis and guidance for radiologists and breast surgeons, and education platforms that provide real cases in a simulated testing environment have been shown to improve observer performance for radiologists. This study reports...
Blood flow rate to the femur of extinct kangaroos implies a higher locomotor intensity compared to living hopping macropodsNARA Subscribed
The stocky skeletons and post-cranial anatomy of many extinct kangaroos indicate that they might have engaged in varied locomotor behaviors, rather than bipedal hopping, as their primary mode of locomotion. This study investigates support for this idea by estimating femoral bone perfusion, which is a correlate of locomotor intensity, in extinct kangaroos compared to living hopping species. Femur blood flow rates can be estimat...
2022 marked the third consecutive La Niña and extended the longest consecutive stretch of negative Oceanic Niño Index since 1998-2001. While physical and biological conditions in winter and spring largely adhered to prior La Niña conditions, summer and fall were very different. Similar to past La Niña events, in winter and spring coastal upwelling was either average or above average, temperature average or below average, salin...
Occupancy of acoustically tagged oceanic manta rays, Mobula birostris, in Bahia de Banderas, MexicoNARA Subscribed
The oceanic manta ray ( Mobula birostris ) is an endangered species commonly seen at oceanic islands and seamounts; however, seasonal aggregations have been described in highly productive, coastal areas. Oceanic manta rays are found in high numbers seasonally in Bahía de Banderas, Mexico, a unique nearshore aggregation site for the species. We used acoustic telemetry to examine the influence of environmental variables on the o...
Patient–Specific Immersed Finite Element–Difference Model of Transcatheter Aortic Valve ReplacementNARA Subscribed
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) first received FDA approval for high-risk surgical patients in 2011 and has been approved for low-risk surgical patients since 2019. It is now the most common type of aortic valve replacement, and its use continues to accelerate. Computer modeling and simulation (CM&S) is a tool to aid in TAVR device design, regulatory approval, and indication in patient-specific care. This study i...
Modeling population effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on a long‐lived speciesNARA Subscribed
The 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill exposed common bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncatus ) in Barataria Bay, Louisiana to heavy oiling that caused increased mortality and chronic disease and impaired reproduction in surviving dolphins. We conducted photographic surveys and veterinary assessments in the decade following the spill. We assigned a prognostic score (good, fair, guarded, poor, or grave) for each dolphin to...