Quantity discrimination affects a range of behaviours essential for fitness, including social interactions, navigation, and foraging and is widespread across animal taxa. However, in reptiles, evidence for this ability — particularly for small number contrasts — remains limited and mixed. Early-life conditions, such as hormonal exposure and temperature, can also shape brain development and cognitive performance, potentially af...

Conspecific cues often provide social information on habitat quality that is considered when deciding to settle at a specific site. The type of sensory cues useful for this will depend on the environment. For amphisbaenians, reptiles adapted to an underground life with highly reduced sight, chemoreception is especially useful to recognize conspecifics. Here, we first analyzed the lipophilic compounds from precloacal gland secr...