Research on physical activity (PA) and health has a fundamental concern with dose–response relationships. The variables of (1) Frequency, (2) Intensity, (3) Time, and (4) Type (i.e., the FITT principle) have traditionally been used to operationalize the dosage of PA. We consider some limitations of FITT and propose that it can be complemented by the additional variable density (from the German exercise and training variable Be...

The Irish continental margin (ICM) encompasses many complex sedimentary basins and diverse geomorphological features displaying bedrock outcrops where a large variety of habitats can be observed. This large area of seabed extends over >400,000 km 2 and cannot be mapped manually or in a standardized way. Novel bedrock suitability mapping is applied to the entire ICM to determine potential bedrock outcrop from shallow to deep se...

Toxoplasma infection in intermediate host species closely associates with inflammation. This association has led to suggestions that the behavioural changes associated with infection may be indirectly driven by the resulting sustained inflammation rather than a direct behavioural manipulation by the parasite. If this is correct, sustained inflammation in chronically infected rodents should present as widespread differences in...

Purpose Given the pressing impact of global warming and its detrimental effect on the health of older populations, understanding age-related changes in thermoregulatory function is essential. Age differences in regional sweat distribution have been observed previously, but given the typically small measurement areas assessed, the development of whole body sweat maps for older individuals is required. Therefore, this study inve...

Considerable uncertainty surrounds the impacts of anthropogenic climate change on the composition and structure of Amazon forests. Building upon results from two large‐scale ecosystem drought experiments in the eastern Brazilian Amazon that observed increases in mortality rates among some tree species but not others, in this study we investigate the physiological traits underpinning these differential demographic responses. Xy...