Understanding the mechanisms behind interaction turnover over long‐term periods is essential to predict how ecological networks respond to global change. We used a high‐resolution dataset of butterfly–plant interactions spanning 13–29 years in seven Mediterranean communities to assess how climate fluctuations and community shifts shape interaction turnover and its components—species turnover and rewiring. Rewiring contributed...

Aim To examine how butterfly population trends respond to climate change and urbanisation at a continental scale, and whether responses differ between urban and rural environments. Location 869 sites across 12 European countries, spanning six bioclimatic zones. Time Period 1976–2021. Major Taxa Studied Butterflies (Lepidoptera). Methods We analysed long‐term monitoring data from > 8400 populations of 145 species representing a...

Motivation Pollinators play a crucial role in maintaining Earth's terrestrial biodiversity. However, rapid human‐induced environmental changes are compromising the long‐term persistence of plant‐pollinator interactions. Unfortunately, we lack robust, generalisable data capturing how plant‐pollinator communities are structured across space and time. Here, we present the EuPPollNet (European Plant‐Pollinator Networks) database,...