In offshore structures such as offshore wind turbine jacket foundations, prolonged exposure to wind and wave loads can lead to fatigue failure, especially at the joint connections. Currently, international codes primarily evaluate the fatigue performance of tubular joints using the hot spot stress (HSS) method, with stress concentration factor (SCF) being the most crucial parameter. Numerous studies have investigated the SCF o...

Inter-city mobility is one of the most important issues in the UN Sustainable Development Goals, as it is essential to access the regional labour market, goods and services, and to constrain the spread of infectious diseases. Although the gravity model has been proved to be an effective model to describe mobility among settlements, knowledge is still insufficient in regions where dozens of megacities interact closely and over...