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Fuel use and cost intensity analysis of UK fishing vesselsNARA Subscribed
Plants employ multiple strategies to adapt to their growth environment. Characterizing key dimensions in plant trait space is important for understanding functional diversity within ecosystems. Leaf and root functional traits have been studied in the context of resource economics, but whether they covary, and through which mechanisms, is still debated. We investigated this in subtropical forests by sampling root and leaf trait...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Quantifying discard survival of species is crucial for effective fishery management. Electronic tags and visual health assessments were used to estimate postrelease survival of commercially caught thornback ray ( Raja clavata ), undulate ray ( Raja undulata ) and small‐eyed ray ( Raja microocellata ) from Northeast Atlantic inshore fisheries. Thornback ray were sampled in the English Channel trammel net fishery ( n = 60), the...
Field Evaluation of a Wearable Instrumented Headband Designed for Measuring Head KinematicsNARA Subscribed
Purpose To study the relationship between soccer heading and the risk of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), we previously developed an instrumented headband and data-processing scheme to measure the angular head kinematics of soccer headers. Laboratory evaluation of the headband on an anthropomorphic test device showed good agreement with a reference sensor for soccer ball impacts to the front of the head. In this study, we e...
Accelerating sea level rise and increasing frequency of storms are impacting coastal wetlands. Similar to salt marshes, coastal freshwater wetlands provide important flood protection and storm abatement services, but their capacity to keep up with sea level rise and associated saltwater intrusion remains unclear. Long-term monitoring of wetland soil surface elevation using surface elevation table and marker horizons (SET-MH) h...
Spatial heterogeneity in density dependence across life‐history stages drives the dynamics of a bird metapopulationNARA Subscribed
Density‐dependent effects on individual vital rates play a critical role in determining a population's equilibrium size and rate of return following stochastic disturbances. In fragmented landscapes, spatial variation in density dependence across life‐history stages causes heterogeneity in limitations of population growth, which influences extinction‐persistence dynamics. As habitat loss leads to increased landscape fragmentat...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Previous research has shown that all major storage disorders associated with the weakly climacteric ‘Ambrosia’ apple ( Malus domestica Borkh) increased with delayed harvest and maturity. As the fruit grade is dependent on colour development, a moderate rate of anti-ethylene products Harvista™ (preharvest 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)) and Retain® (i.e., aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG)) were compared with a control treatment in te...
Effective management of deep-sea ecosystems and the high seas is hindered by the absence of a globally consistent framework for characterizing benthic habitats. Here we present the first global ecological classification of the seafloor, comprising 250 unique ecological benthic units (EBUs), distributed on the seafloor as nearly 700,000 EBU polygon occurrences, generated by intersecting a high-resolution geomorphic map with mul...
Validation of a novel multi-exercise approach to isometric resistance training in normotensive adultsNARA Subscribed
Purpose Short- to long-term isometric resistance training (IRT) can produce clinically meaningful reductions in resting blood pressure, but established methods are costly or require laboratory access. An affordable method could improve accessibility; however, there is a need to establish efficacy and safety prior to prescription as an alternative IRT method. This study aims to determine whether a novel isometric training band...
Laboratory Evaluation of a Wearable Instrumented Headband for Rotational Head Kinematics MeasurementNARA Subscribed
Purpose Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) are a highly prevalent condition with heterogeneous outcomes between individuals. A key factor governing brain tissue deformation and the risk of mTBI is the rotational kinematics of the head. Instrumented mouthguards are a widely accepted method for measuring rotational head motions, owing to their robust sensor-skull coupling. However, wearing mouthguards is not feasible in all si...
We assembled a European bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) association mapping panel ( n = 480) genotyped using a 90,000 feature single nucleotide polymorphism array, with the aim of identifying genetic loci controlling resistance to four fungal diseases: yellow (stripe) rust (YR), brown (leaf) rust (BR), Septoria tritici blotch (ST) and powdery mildew (PM). Simulations showed our panel to have good power to detect genetic lo...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...
Soil Nitrogen Supply Exerts Largest Influence on Leaf Nitrogen in Environments with the Greatest Leaf Nitrogen DemandNARA Subscribed
Accurately representing the relationships between nitrogen supply and photosynthesis is crucial for reliably predicting carbon–nitrogen cycle coupling in Earth System Models (ESMs). Most ESMs assume positive correlations amongst soil nitrogen supply, leaf nitrogen content, and photosynthetic capacity. However, leaf photosynthetic nitrogen demand may influence the leaf nitrogen response to soil nitrogen supply; thus, responses...
Tree demographic drivers across temperate rain forests, after accounting for site‐, species‐, and stem‐level attributesNARA Subscribed
Diverse drivers such as climate, soil fertility, neighborhood competition, and functional traits all contribute to variation in tree stem demographic rates. However, these demographic drivers operate at different scales, making it difficult to compare the relative importance of each driver on tree demography. Using c. 20,000 stem records from New Zealand's temperate rain forests, we analyzed the growth, recruitment, and mortal...