Introduction While indoor aquaculture has expanded globally, optimal lighting strategies for fish growth remain understudied. This study aims to establish optimal LED protocols for indoor-reared Takifugu rubripes larvae. Methods T. rubripes larvae were maintained at 50, 250, 500, and 750 mW/m 2 (i50, i250, i500, i750) from hatching through 30 DPH. Growth, gene expression, and enzyme activities were measured. Results Positive g...

Dissolved organic carbon refers to soluble carbon substances in water bodies and can be used as an important indicator for water pollution. Spectroscopic detection is commonly used to detect dissolved organic carbon in seawater. However, independent spectral methods are susceptible to interference, and insufficient extraction of the data features can occur. Accordingly, this study introduces a multisource spectral fusion metho...