Introduction While indoor aquaculture has expanded globally, optimal lighting strategies for fish growth remain understudied. This study aims to establish optimal LED protocols for indoor-reared Takifugu rubripes larvae. Methods T. rubripes larvae were maintained at 50, 250, 500, and 750 mW/m 2 (i50, i250, i500, i750) from hatching through 30 DPH. Growth, gene expression, and enzyme activities were measured. Results Positive g...

Sandy beaches are an important passage for the transport of various forms of nitrogen from land to sea. However, export fluxes of these forms of nitrogen and the mechanisms controlling their transformation remain elusive. Using the 224 Ra/ 228 Th disequilibrium approach, we estimated export fluxes of dissolved inorganic carbon and dissolved inorganic nitrogen at three intertidal sandy beaches with distinct slopes along the sou...