Periodical cicada ( Magicicada spp.) ranges have continued to decline even as their habitat has rebounded from historic lows. This counterintuitive trajectory may be a consequence of Magicicada 's limited dispersal capabilities combined with their requirement that individual host trees survive across decades. Indeed, we find that the presence of Magicicada breeding populations is best predicted by tree cover in 1930, not by pr...

Understanding how surface climate variables interact directionally remains challenging, particularly in complex terrain environments where nonlinear dynamics, terrain heterogeneity, and seasonal regime shifts limit the applicability of conventional correlation‐based analyses. This study develops a multivariate, cross‐station Transfer Entropy (TE) framework to diagnose directional climate interactions among wind speed, temperat...

Rationale Affective behavioral effects of kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) stimulation have been found to vary between the rostral and caudal nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell, but this has so far only been demonstrated in males. Objectives To examine the effects of KOR activation in subregions of the NAc shell on affective and motivated behavior in females. Methods In one group of Long-Evans rats, females were given access to 20% etha...

siRNA therapeutics have achieved increased clinical success in the past decade. To achieve a therapeutic effect, siRNAs must enter the cytoplasm of the target cells. Thus, their function typically relies on proper endocytosis and trafficking. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with diseases that are being studied for treatment with siRNAs (cancer, amyloids, mutations, etc.) and common comorbidities (obesity, smoki...

Objectives Physical activity is associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer (PCa) progression and death; changes in insulin sensitivity and inflammation are potential mediating mechanisms. This study examined whether exercise after PCa diagnosis affects insulin-related and inflammatory biomarkers. Methods The Active Surveillance Exercise (ASX) randomized controlled trial was assigned to men undergoing active surveillance f...

Elevated heat and low phytoplankton abundance are physiologically and ecologically challenging marine organisms of the northeast Pacific, including the mussel Mytilus californianus . During low tide, mussels are exposed to warm air and undergo anaerobic metabolism. Tidal variation coincides with daily fluctuations in food availability requiring flexible response systems (e.g., changes in digestive enzyme activity) to maintain...

The symbioses between corals and microorganisms, including the endosymbiotic dinoflagellates (family Symbiodiniaceae) and bacteria, are central to coral health and functioning. Certain species of Symbiodiniaceae in the genus Durusdinium are known to confer enhanced thermotolerance to corals and could therefore be beneficial under global climate change. However, association with thermotolerant algal symbionts may come with trad...