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Decomposition of plant litter, facilitated primarily by microbial decomposers, plays a critical role in biogeochemical cycling and ecosystem function. The rate of litter decomposition can determine its environmental impact, where accelerated decomposition alters the timing and rate of nutrient release and may promote nutrient leaching, whereas slowed decomposition can result in litter accumulation, which impacts seedling recru...
A large number of drugs and compounds produced by the chemical and agrochemical industry, often referred to as ‘non-genotoxic carcinogens’ (NGC), score as tumour promotors in rodent models. It is unclear whether these compounds act similarly in humans. The most extensively investigated compounds have been the anti-convulsive drugs, phenobarbital (PB), and phenytoin. Liver tumours induced by PB are dependent upon the activation...
The International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC): a functional catalogue of the mammalian genome that informs conservationNARA Subscribed
The International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC) is building a catalogue of mammalian gene function by producing and phenotyping a knockout mouse line for every protein-coding gene. To date, the IMPC has generated and characterised 5186 mutant lines. One-third of the lines have been found to be non-viable and over 300 new mouse models of human disease have been identified thus far. While current bioinformatics efforts are...
Evidence is reported for balancing selection acting on variation at major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in wild populations of brown trout Salmo trutta . First, variation at an MHC class I ( satr‐uba )–linked microsatellite locus ( mhc1 ) is retained in small S . trutta populations isolated above waterfalls although variation is lost at neutral microsatellite markers. Second, populations across several catchments are less d...
Aim As a result of the extinctions of several large frugivorous birds (and one flying fox) and the diminished ranges of others, Tonga now has a relatively small number of effective seed dispersers, especially for large‐seeded plants. We estimate the bill width and gape of the two largest known extinct pigeon species ( Ducula ) present in Tonga prior to human arrival. We then estimate which native rain forest species had fruits...
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