Diel vertical migration (DVM) is the largest mass‐movement of animals on Earth, with profound ecological and biogeochemical consequences. DVM has mostly been studied in the open ocean; however, at steep slopes, pelagic animals including vertical migrators must contend with the seafloor, emphasizing the importance of understanding DVM in these prevalent, critical habitats. Here we used active acoustics in combination with video...

Mineral prospectivity maps were produced for gold in two greenstone belts in the Superior geological province in Ontario, Canada, as part of the Metal Earth Project in the Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario. These maps, created using the random forest machine learning algorithm, cover the well-endowed Matheson area, which is in the Abitibi sub-province, and the less fertile Dryden area, which is in the Wabigoon sub-provin...

Atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N 2 O) have continued to rise since the advent of the industrial era, largely because of the increase in agricultural land use. The urine deposited by grazing ruminant animals is a major global source of agricultural N 2 O. With the first commitment period for reducing greenhouse gas emissions under the Kyoto Protocol now underway, mitigation options for ruminant...

There is uncertainty in the estimates of indirect nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions as defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The uncertainty is due to the challenge and dearth of in situ measurements. Recent work in a subtropical stream system has shown the potential for diurnal variability to influence the downstream N transfer, N form, and estimates of in‐stream N 2 O production. Studies in temperate...

There is considerable uncertainty in the estimates of indirect N 2 O emissions as defined by the intergovernmental panel on climate change's (IPCC) methodology. Direct measurements of N 2 O yields and fluxes in aquatic river environments are sparse and more data are required to determine the role that rivers play in the global N 2 O budget. The objectives of this research were to measure the N 2 O fluxes from a spring‐fed rive...

There is considerable uncertainty in the estimates of indirect N 2 O emissions as defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) methodology. Direct measurements of N 2 O yields and fluxes in aquatic river environments are sparse and more data are required to determine the role that rivers play in the global N 2 O budget. The objectives of this research were to measure the N 2 O fluxes from a spring‐fed rive...

Methanotrophic bacteria oxidize methane (CH 4 ) in forest soils that cover ∼30% of Earth's land surface. The first measurements for a pristine Southern Hemisphere forest are reported here. Soil CH 4 oxidation rate averaged 10.5±0.6 kg CH 4 ha −1 yr −1 , with the greatest rates in dry warm soil (up to 17 kg CH 4 ha −1 yr −1 ). Methanotrophic activity was concentrated beneath the organic horizon at 50–100 mm depth. Water content...

We investigated the extent to which leaf and root respiration ( R ) differ in their response to short‐ and long‐term changes in temperature in several contrasting plant species (herbs, grasses, shrubs and trees) that differ in inherent relative growth rate (RGR, increase in mass per unit starting mass and time). Two experiments were conducted using hydroponically grown plants. In the long‐term (LT) acclimation experiment, 16 s...