Hydroclimate volatility poses a growing threat to species' persistence, particularly when combined with widespread habitat loss and other stressors. Although the negative impacts of drought on aquatic species are well documented, wet conditions are generally assumed to enhance recruitment of migratory species during freshwater life stages. Life‐history theory predicts that species with multiple migratory strategies should be m...

Altered river flows and fragmented habitats often simplify riverine communities and favor non‐native fishes, but their influence on life‐history expression and survival is less clear. Here, we quantified the expression and ultimate success of diverse salmon emigration behaviors in an anthropogenically altered California river system. We analyzed two decades of Chinook salmon monitoring data to explore the influence of regulate...