Aim The number of naturalized (i.e. established) alien species has increased rapidly over recent centuries. Given the differences in environmental tolerances among species, little is known about what factors determine the extent to which the observed size of the naturalized range of a species and hence the extent to which the observed richness of naturalized species of a region approach their full potential. Here, we asked whi...

In Germany and the Netherlands, many bramble scrub associations are distinguished on the basis of the occurrence of Rubus species. The associations belonging to the Prunetalia spinosae Tüxen 1952 are usually assigned to the Pruno-Rubion radulae Weber Osnabr Naturwiss Mitt 3:143–150, 1974, but published tables show inconsistencies in the occurrence of alliance character species. In this paper, we compare synoptic tables from di...

Aim To classify and describe distributional patterns in apomictic Rubus subgenus Rubus in north‐west Europe and to characterize the major regions by statistically derived character species. Location North‐western Europe, in particular Ireland, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Denmark and Germany. Methods We used twinspan analysis to distinguish hierarchically ordered phytogeographical regions using grid‐based distributiona...