High frequency turbulent data from sonic anemometers and other ancillary information collected at multiple levels on several meteorological flux towers located at two coastal sites are used to study velocity and scalar (temperature and humidity) structure–function parameters over heterogeneous surfaces in an area of complex coastal terrains. Understanding of such parameters has important applications for studies on wave propag...

Prediction of abrupt ecosystem transitions resulting from climatic change will be an essential element of adaptation strategies in the coming decades. In the arid southwest USA, the collapse and recovery of long‐lived perennial grasses have important effects on ecosystem services, but the causes of these variations have been poorly understood. Here we use a quality‐controlled vegetation monitoring dataset initiated in 1915 to...