Leaf scald disease (LSD), caused by Xanthomonas albilineans , and ratoon stunting disease (RSD), caused by Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli , are two major diseases of sugarcane in Brazil. Lab-diagnostic tests and resistant cultivars are the effective strategies to control both diseases. The dot blot immunoassay (DBI) is the diagnostic technology for both, which stresses the need to accurately identify each disease. The adequate sug...