Understanding wave systems (WS) dynamics in semi-enclosed tropical basins is challenging due to interactions between remote wave generation and regional climate variability. In the Gulf of Panama, prior studies mainly relied on single-site offshore analyses, limiting characterization of wave energy distribution and its atmospheric and oceanic drivers. This gap in knowledge is particularly consequential for coastal hazard asses...

The intricate interplay of oceanic-atmospheric variations has intensified erosive processes on sandy beaches in recent decades, with climate change expected to exacerbate these impacts in the future. Projections for the southern Atlantic and Pacific regions of continental Latin America predict increased extreme events and heightened impacts on sandy beaches, highlighting disparities in studies addressing coastal erosion and it...

The shoreline is the interface between sea and land influenced by natural, anthropogenic factors and climate change. The study of the evolution of the shoreline provides information to evaluate accretion or erosion processes. Shoreline erosion represents a threat to the safety of the coastal population, reducing the extension of the beach zone and making human settlements vulnerable to extreme events. This research presents th...