The United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA) and the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee (INC) have been working on an international legally binding instrument on plastic pollution, including in the marine environment (Plastics Treaty) since 2022. This piece presents a perspective on the current progress of the Plastics Treaty from the first session of the UNEA to the last session of the INC as of August 2025, highlighti...

Bacterial disease infections pose a major challenge to the healthy growth of crucian carp. Hawthorn polysaccharide (HP) is a natural active ingredient in hawthorn and has a wide range of pharmacological effects. However, the mechanism of HP against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in crucian carp cultures is unknown. In this study, it was found that 0.4% HP could significantly reduce the mortality of crucian carp, significantly...