Cynoglossus semilaevis parvovirus (CsPV) is an important pathogen that poses a serious threat to the aquaculture industry. In the absence of vaccines and effective therapeutic drugs, early and sensitive detection of the pathogen is the key measure to prevent and control the outbreaks and epidemics of viral diseases. Currently, the existing detection methods for CsPV are expensive and rely on specialized operations, limiting th...

Primates, 69% of which are threatened with extinction, are the third most specious order of mammals. We used primates as model taxa to examine the umbrella effects of primates on ecosystem services and the protection of other vertebrates and seed plants in Yunnan Province, China. We identified areas of conservation priority for 16 primate species and determined which other threatened and endemic terrestrial vertebrates and see...

The southeastern edge of the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau (Yunnan, China) exhibits high biodiversity but stark differences in species richness between its western Longitudinal Range Gorge (LRG) and eastern Yunnan Plateau (YP). We collected distribution data for 16 primate species in Yunnan and analyzed palynological records over the past 20 ka from 21 localities to identify the biogeographic, climatic, and anthropogenic factors that...

Leaf photosynthesis and respiration are two of the largest carbon fluxes between the atmosphere and biosphere. Although experiments examining the warming effects on photosynthetic and respiratory thermal acclimation have been widely conducted, the sensitivity of various ecosystem and vegetation types to warming remains uncertain. Here we conducted a meta‐analysis on experimental observations of thermal acclimation worldwide. W...

It has been extensively discussed that stratospheric polar vortex significantly contribute to the variability and predictability of tropospheric weather and climate over midlatitudes and polar regions. However, we currently have little understanding of the exact influence of stratospheric polar vortex on tropical troposphere. Here, the exact responses of tropical convection to Northern Hemisphere (NH) extreme stratospheric pol...

Summary Marine bacteriophages frequently possess auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) that accelerate host metabolism during phage infection. The significance of AMGs in phage infecting the ecologically important Roseobacter clade, found predominantly in marine environments, remains to be determined. Here, we analysed the distribution and genomic context of 180 AMGs, annotated into 20 types, across 50 roseophage genomes. Roseophag...

Paddy soils make up the largest anthropogenic wetlands on earth, and are characterized by a prominent potential for organic carbon (C) sequestration. By quantifying the plant‐ and microbial‐derived C in soils across four climate zones, we identified that organic C accrual is achieved via contrasting pathways in paddy and upland soils. Paddies are 39%–127% more efficient in soil organic C (SOC) sequestration than their adjacent...

Summary Type II toxin‐antitoxin (TA) systems modulate many essential cellular processes in prokaryotic organisms. Recent studies indicate certain type II antitoxins also transcriptionally regulate other genes, besides neutralizing toxin activity. Herein, we investigated the diverse transcriptional repression properties of type II TA antitoxin PaHigA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Biochemical and functional analyses showed that...

Rhizosphere microbiota has received much attention due to their associations with plant growth and their fundamental importance in terrestrial ecosystems. However, relatively few studies have focused on rhizosphere microbial communities associated with aquatic macrophytes in freshwater lakes. We hypothesized that the rhizosphere microbiome would reflect the presence of macrophyte roots and the concomitant microhabitat conditio...

Summary Vibrio parahaemolyticus , the leading cause of seafood‐associated gastroenteritis worldwide, requires the two type‐III secretion systems (T3SS1 and T3SS2) and a thermostable direct hemolysin (encoded by tdh1 and tdh2 ) for full virulence. The tdh genes and the T3SS2 gene cluster constitute an 80 kb pathogenicity island known as Vp‐PAI located on the chromosome II. Expression of T3SS1 and Vp‐PAI is regulated in a quorum...

Summary The distribution patterns of bacterial communities along elevational gradients remain unexplored in aquatic ecosystems. This study investigated the diversity and community composition of bacteria in the sediments of lakes along a mountainside elevational gradient from 525 to 4 490 m in western China. The bacterial alpha diversity (taxonomic richness and phylogenetic diversity) at different sediment depths decreased mon...

Aim Higher‐elevation areas on islands and continental mountains tend to be separated by longer distances, predicting higher endemism at higher elevations; our study is the first to test the generality of the predicted pattern. We also compare it empirically with contrasting expectations from hypotheses invoking higher speciation with area, temperature and species richness. Location Thirty‐two insular and 18 continental elevati...

Summary A novel class of cysteine phytase showing ability to degrade phytate has recently been isolated from rumen bacteria. To expand our knowledge of this enzyme class, a total of 101 distinct cysteine phytase gene fragments were identified from the ruminal genomic DNA of Bore goats and Holstein cows, and most of them shared low identities (