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Predator-prey relationships on islands are often profoundly altered by invasive species. Brown skuas Catharacta antarctica are predator-scavengers at sub-Antarctic islands, where their population dynamics are linked to food availability. On Marion Island, skua population size and breeding distribution appear to have shifted in response to changes in burrowing petrel populations, which were severely impacted by feral cat Felis...
Aim To assess phylogeographic structure, phylogenetic diversity and historical diversification processes in ammotrechid camel spiders from the Baja California Peninsula. Location Baja California Sur, Mexico. Time Period Miocene to Pleistocene. Major Taxa Studied Ammotrechid camel spiders (Solifugae: Ammotrechidae). Methods We conducted the first phylogeographic analysis of Baja California Sur ammotrechid camel spiders using mi...
Motivation United States federal biomonitoring programs assess the status of freshwater ecosystems using standardised sampling protocols. While most data from these efforts are publicly available, new users face barriers in applying these data appropriately. Here, we introduce unified assemblage databases for fish and macroinvertebrates in rivers and streams from US federal biomonitoring. These are one of the largest single‐so...
Antibiotics cause significant gut microbiome dysbiosis, particularly when administered orally. This contributes to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and is associated with myriad health conditions. Novel drug delivery strategies that minimize gut exposure while maintaining therapeutic efficacy are urgently needed. This study aimed to evaluate whether a novel transdermal system could reduce gut microbiome disruption compared to or...
As the Arctic warms and becomes more accessible to human activities and associated noise sources, it is important to understand the auditory capabilities of ice-associated marine mammals that rely on sound. In this study, the in-air hearing of one adult bearded seal ( Erignathus barbatus ) was measured in ambient outdoor conditions using psychophysical methods. 50% detection thresholds were measured for 10 frequencies (0.04–51...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2024 Annual ReportNARA Subscribed
Evaluating Seasonal vs. Spatial Extrapolation for Cetacean Distribution Models in the California CurrentNARA Subscribed
Species distribution models (SDMs) have been developed for multiple cetacean species within the California Current Ecosystem (CCE) from shipboard survey data collected by the Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC) in summer and fall, thus limiting the ability to inform management decisions in cool seasons when abundance and distribution patterns are substantially different. Winter and spring SDMs have been developed for a...
The Cost of Antivenom: A Cost Minimization Study using the North American Snakebite RegistryNARA Subscribed
Envenomation is a global health issue, with over 9,000 encounters managed in the United States yearly. The introduction of immunoglobulin fragment antivenom has reduced the risk of hypersensitivity. This study compares treatment costs of crotaline envenomation using the Fab and F(ab’) 2 antivenoms as reported to the North American Snakebite Registry (NASBR), a nationwide surveillance tool. Methods This was a retrospective anal...
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Risk of Ischemic Stroke in REGARDSNARA Subscribed