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Seasonal Variability of Residence Time and Ocean Exchange in a Semi-enclosed Gulf in Northwestern AustraliaNARA Subscribed
Coastal water exchange with the open ocean plays a key role in regulating the transport and distribution of nutrients, heat, pollutants, suspended sediments and organisms in semi-enclosed systems. In this study, we quantify coastal water exchange for Exmouth Gulf (Australian North West Shelf), a globally significant water body adjacent to the Ningaloo Coast World Heritage Area. We use a high-resolution (200 m) hydrodynamic mod...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...
Physical drivers of historical deoxygenation events and capacity for reef recovery in a fringing reef systemNARA Subscribed
Deoxygenation events threaten coral reefs as they can result in biodiversity loss and are expected to occur more frequently with increasing sea temperatures and eutrophication. Multiple deoxygenation events have occurred at Bill’s Bay, a semi-enclosed lagoon within the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Ningaloo Marine Park, and have been associated with significant ecosystem impacts, including fish kills and coral mortality. Althou...
Climate change and anthropogenic stressors are accelerating coral reef degradation, prompting urgent restoration strategies. This study evaluates the performance of two coral nursery types, floating mid-water nurseries (FNs) and bottom-attached table nurseries (TNs), at two contrasting reef environments in Mauritius: the degraded, high sedimentation site of Flic-en-Flac (FEF) and the more pristine Pointe aux Feuilles (PAF). Co...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...
Local coral connections within an atoll reef system underlie reef resilience and persistenceNARA Subscribed
The recovery of isolated reef systems is a complex process that is usually associated with the supply of coral larvae from distant reefs (or large‐scale connectivity). However, a frequently neglected process is the potential for supply within the reef itself (or local connectivity). In this study, we quantify and characterize the role of local connectivity over 21 yr of simulated annual coral spawning on an isolated coral reef...
Evidence of increasing juvenile white sharks ' ( Carcharodon carcharias ) habitat use at the Northern Channel IslandsNARA Subscribed
Juvenile white sharks ( Carcharodon carcharias ) typically aggregate along coastal beaches; however, high levels of recruitment and shifting oceanographic conditions may be causing habitat use expansions. Telemetry data indicate increased habitat use at the Northern Channel Islands (California, USA) by juvenile white shark that may be in response to increased population density at aggregation locations, or anomalous oceanograp...
Long-term spatial variations in turbidity and temperature provide new insights into coral-algal states on extreme/marginal reefsNARA Subscribed
Globally, coral reefs are under threat, with many exhibiting degradation or a shift towards algal-dominated regimes following marine heat waves, and other disturbance events. Marginal coral reefs existing under naturally extreme conditions, such as turbid water reefs, may be more resilient than their clear water counterparts as well as offer some insight into how reefs could look in the future under climate change. Here, we su...
Nearly a billion people depend on tropical seascapes. The need to ensure sustainable use of these vital areas is recognised, as one of 17 policy commitments made by world leaders, in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14 (‘Life below Water’) of the United Nations. SDG 14 seeks to secure marine sustainability by 2030. In a time of increasing social-ecological unpredictability and risk, scientists and policymakers working toward...
An accurate representation of physical and biological processes is crucial to resolve larval dispersal pathways and characterize connectivity of coral reef ecosystems. We investigate how hydrodynamic forcings drive larval retention rates during the bi‐annual mass coral spawning of the coral genus Acropora within a coral reef atoll (Mermaid Reef), located off northwestern Australia. By analyzing hydrodynamic conditions during 4...