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Heterogeneity in the association between APOE ε4 carrier status and dementia risk by modifiable and non-modifiable risk factorsNARA Subscribed
Dementia is a major public health challenge, and Apolipoprotein E ( APOE ) ε4 is strongly associated with all-cause dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We aim to quantify the overall contribution of modifiable lifestyle, adiposity, socioeconomic status (SES), and health conditions occurring before dementia, to the association between ε4 genotype and the development of all-cause dementia, with AD examined as a majo...
Effect of six weeks ubiquinol supplementation on mitochondrial respiratory function and exercise capacity in healthy malesNARA Subscribed
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ 10 ) is an integral component of the mitochondrial electron transfer system. Most studies have administered the oxidised form of CoQ 10 (ubiquinone) and observed no effects on mitochondrial respiratory function or endurance exercise performance. The reduced form of CoQ 10 , ubiquinol (UQH 2 ), has greater bioavailability than ubiquinone, but the effects of UQH 2 supplementation on mitochondrial respiratory fu...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Success of restoration strategies in preventing extirpation of 2 critically endangered coral speciesNARA Subscribed
An unprecedented marine heatwave in 2023 caused widespread coral bleaching and mortality throughout the Caribbean. In the Florida Keys (USA), 2 foundation species, elkhorn coral ( Acropora palmata ) and staghorn coral ( Acropora cervicornis ), were severely affected. These species have been the primary focus of reef restoration in Florida for decades. Substantial losses of these species occurred in outplanted populations, in o...
Preliminary evidence of extrarenal sodium storage in a large mammal: implications for comparative physiology and hypertension researchNARA Subscribed
Under conditions of dietary sodium (Na + ) excess, the kidneys may fail to adequately excrete Na + , potentially compromising blood pressure homeostasis. Body tissues, such as skin, can offer sites of short-term extrarenal Na + storage and previous research has shown that this can help guard against hypertension in small mammals (e.g., rodents). Large mammals have relatively greater Na + storage potential, but whether extraren...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase has a well-characterized role in modulation of inflammatory processes throughout the body. In the central nervous system, p38 is primarily studied within neurons and microglia, most commonly in the context of neurological insult. The present study was designed to determine its function in astrocytes during non-pathological aging. We generated a conditional knockout model in which a tamo...
Reduced intraspecific variation in lake trout food webs under warmer temperatures and smaller ecosystem sizesNARA Subscribed
Food web theory has illustrated that mobile top predators, such as lake trout ( Salvelinus namaycush ), can be potent stabilizers of food webs due to their ability to shift foraging behaviors in response to changing conditions. Consistent with this, research has demonstrated that mean lake trout food web attributes (i.e., trophic position and nearshore coupling) structurally change across environmental gradients; however, intr...
Integration of crop modeling and sensing into molecular breeding for nutritional quality and stress toleranceNARA Subscribed
Integrating innovative technologies into plant breeding is critical to bolster food and nutritional security under biotic and abiotic stresses in changing climates. While breeding efforts have focused primarily on yield and stress tolerance, emerging evidence highlights the need to also prioritize nutritional quality. Advanced molecular breeding approaches have enhanced our ability to develop improved crop varieties and could...
Clarifying the Taxonomy of the Finch Louse Fly Ornithomya Fringillina (Curtis) (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) – An Analysis of MorphotypesNARA Subscribed
Background The louse flies in the genus Ornithomya Latreille are avian ectoparasites. The patterns of alar microtrichia on the wings of the Ornithomyae are commonly used to help distinguish the various species, with the patterns in most species found to be constant between individuals. The Finch Louse Fly Ornithomya fringillina (Curtis) in the United Kingdom, Ireland and the Isle of Man, is unusual in that the several patterns...
There is growing interest in integrating community science data with structured monitoring data to estimate changes in distribution patterns of imperiled species, including pollinators. However, significant challenges remain in determining how unstructured community science data should be incorporated into formal analyses of species distributions. We developed a dynamic framework for combining community science and structured...