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Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...
Postmortem attentive behavior in leopard seals: insights into mother–pup interactionsNARA Subscribed
Maternal behavior in mammals is critical for offspring survival and provides insight into the evolutionary pressures shaping reproductive strategies. Postmortem attentive behavior (PAB) is a rare form of epimeletic behavior in which individuals show attachment, distress, or curiosity toward deceased conspecifics, most often between mothers and offspring. While PAB has been documented in terrestrial mammals and cetaceans, it ha...
Little is known about the reproductive biology of the leopard seal ( Hydrurga leptonyx ), a Southern Ocean predator. Here we observed sexual behavior in wild leopard seals in Laguna San Rafael, Chile during a 2 h courtship interaction between a female and male. The female was hauled out on ice, mostly lying still (69% of the time) or moving (19%). The male was mostly under water (87%) or at the water’s surface (11%). The femal...
Trade in Prevost’s squirrels: legality, risk for introduction and disease transmissionNARA Subscribed
Squirrels traded for pets or consumption have the potential to be vectors for zoonotic disease transmission and to establish themselves as invasive species. Callosciurus spp. (Greek for beautiful squirrel) are popular in the pet trade due to their medium size and many colour variants, though several feral populations have established themselves in various parts of the world and these wild-caught individuals can carry and sprea...
Evaluating physiological responses in the context of a species’ life history, demographics, and ecology is essential to understanding the health of individuals and populations. Here, we measured the main mammalian glucocorticoid, cortisol, in an elusive Antarctic apex predator, the leopard seal ( Hydrurga leptonyx ). We also examined intraspecific variation in cortisol based on life history (sex), morphometrics (body mass, bod...
Plasticity in the morphometrics and movements of an Antarctic apex predator, the leopard sealOA Marine
Animals that display plasticity in behavioral, ecological, and morphological traits are better poised to cope with environmental disturbances. Here, we examined individual plasticity and intraspecific variation in the morphometrics, movement patterns, and dive behavior of an enigmatic apex predator, the leopard seal ( Hydrurga leptonyx ). Satellite/GPS tags and time-depth recorders were deployed on 22 leopard seals off the Wes...