Temporal changes in phytoplankton pigments and spectral absorption were evaluated during June 1998 in East Sound, Orcas Island, Washington. High‐resolution vertical profiles of in situ spectral absorption were obtained with a Wet Labs ac‐9 (nine‐wavelength absorption and beam attenuation meter), and pigment concentrations were determined for discrete water samples using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Fucoxanthi...

The objective biomization method developed by Prentice et al . (1996) for Europe was extended using modern pollen samples from Beringia and then applied to fossil pollen data to reconstruct palaeovegetation patterns at 6000 and 18,000 14 C yr bp . The predicted modern distribution of tundra, taiga and cool conifer forests in Alaska and north‐western Canada generally corresponds well to actual vegetation patterns, although site...