Rationale Tobacco dependence is characterized by a high relapse rate. It is thus important to obtain a better understanding of the cognitive precipitants of smoking relapses, and how these are changed under tobacco deprivation. Here, we provide evidence that tobacco deprivation impairs two cognitive processes important for successful smoking cessation: metacognition and cognitive flexibility. Methods In a pre-registered study...

Extracellular nucleotides act as danger signals that orchestrate inflammation by purinergic receptor activation. The expression pattern of different purinergic receptors may correlate with a pro- or anti-inflammatory phenotype. Macrophages function as pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages (M1) or anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages (M2). The present study found that murine bone marrow-derived macrophages express a unique purinergic rec...

Summary Methanotrophic bacteria play a key role in limiting methane emissions from lakes. It is generally assumed that methanotrophic bacteria are mostly active at the oxic‐anoxic transition zone in stratified lakes, where they use oxygen to oxidize methane. Here, we describe a methanotroph of the genera Methylobacter that is performing high‐rate (up to 72 μM day −1 ) methane oxidation in the anoxic hypolimnion of the temperat...