This paper is a collaborative effort that originated at the International Space Science Institute Workshop on “Physical Links between Weather and Climate in Space and the Lower Atmosphere” held on January 22-26, 2024. Our goals are to survey the role of tides in facilitating the coupling of the lower and upper atmosphere and identify pathways forward that address challenges to our current understanding. To that end, we provide...

This paper is a collaborative effort that originated at the International Space Science Institute Workshop on “Physical links between Weather and Climate in Space and the Lower Atmosphere” held 22–26 January 2024. Many scientists attended that workshop and contributed their expertise related to polar vortex impacts on upper atmosphere variability. This paper summarizes well-known and newly reported signatures of polar vortex w...

The Cambrian radiation represents a key time period in the history of life. Here, we add to the mounting evidence accumulating on the nature of deuterostomes from this time period through description of a new species of stalked deuterostome, Herpetogaster haiyanensis nov. sp., from the lower Cambrian (series 2, stage 3) Chengjiang biota of China. This represents the first occurrence of the genus in Gondwana, the first juvenile...

Aim Determining which species are more prone to extinction is vital for conserving E arth's biodiversity and for providing insight into macroevolutionary processes. This paper utilizes the Pliocene to Recent fossil record of mollusks to identify determinants of species' extinction over the past three million years of E arth history. Location W estern A tlantic. Methods We focus on 92 bivalve and gastropod species that lived du...

Aim Numerous studies have examined potential responses of terrestrial biotas to future climate change, but fewer have considered marine realms. We forecast how marine molluscan faunas might respond to environmental change over the remainder of this century. We test the hypotheses that suitable areas will shift northwards for studied species, and that species will show varied responses to future climate change. Location North a...

Aim The utility of GIS‐based and phylogenetic biogeographical analysis in palaeobiogeography is reviewed with reference to its ability to elucidate patterns of interest for modern conservation biology, specifically the long‐term effects of invasive species. Location Emphasis is on biogeographical patterns in the Appalachian basin and mid‐continent of North America during the Devonian. Global palaeobiogeographical patterns of t...