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Experimental trace element partition coefficients for upper mantle pyroxenites coexisting with H2O with CO2, NaCl and NH3 fluidsNARA Subscribed
Experimental determinations of trace element distribution between rocks/minerals and fluids at mantle pressures and temperatures have concentrated on eclogite and on fluids containing H 2 O with or without the addition of NaCl. Here we present data for websterite (pyroxenite) coexisting with five different fluids: H 2 O, H 2 O+CO 2 , H 2 O+NaCl, H 2 O+CO 2 +NaCl and H 2 O+NH 3 . All experiments were conducted at 1.5 GPa and 80...
Aim We investigate the distribution of dispersal modes — endozoochory (via animal ingestion), synzoochory (via animal seed accumulation) and anemochory (via wind)—and seed mass of woody plants across Brazilian ecosystems, testing whether their relative abundance in local plant communities could be predicted by climate, edaphic factors and dispersal agents (e.g., the main vectors moving seeds). We expected climate to be the mai...
Freshwater fish invasions are major drivers of global ecological change, disrupting native biodiversity and ecosystem functions. However, many invasive fish hold significant socioeconomic value, resulting in conflict over their management. Centrarchidae, which are globally distributed and are important for sportfishing and aquaculture, are now potentially becoming a global threat. Yet, no comprehensive appraisal exists across...
Ecosystem engineering by primary consumers increases long-term benthic primary production in Lake Mývatn, IcelandNARA Subscribed
Ecosystem engineers impact ecosystems by changing the physical environment in which species interact. In Lake Mývatn, Iceland, larvae of the midge Tanytarsus gracilentus function as ecosystem engineers by building tubes in the sediment that solidify the benthic surface and create a 3-dimensional structure on which microalgae can grow. To assess the ecosystem-scale effect of midge engineering, we took advantage of the natural h...
Inorganic nutrients can vary over space and time in lakes due to abiotic and biotic factors. To understand the drivers of spatial variation in nutrients in shallow Lake Mývatn, Iceland, we mapped dissolved inorganic and organic nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations in benthic (interstitial) and pelagic zones in summer 2021 during a lake-wide pelagic cyanobacterial bloom and in spring 2022 when there was no cyanobacter...
Weather and catchment morphology drive thermal regime variation among subarctic ponds, and possible effects on resident Arctic charrNARA Subscribed
Thermal stratification, which is a common feature of lentic freshwater systems, has extensive effects on ecological interactions and ecosystem function, including processes that may determine which systems can support fish populations and affect growth, phenology, and metabolism where populations exist. Because these habitats are important for Northern freshwater fishes, improvement of our ability to forecast thermal stratific...
Understanding the diversity of our oceans is fundamental now more than ever as climate change and human activities put increasing pressure on marine species and ecosystems. Beaked whales (family Ziphiidae) are among the most poorly understood marine mammals, in part due to their affinity to offshore underwater canyons and prolonged diving ability. The ziphiid genus Berardius is comprised of three extant species; however, a lac...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
A Modular Computational Approach for Assessing Active and Passive Force Contributions in Interstitial Lymphatic Fluid UptakeNARA Subscribed
Purpose The lymphatic system regulates fluid homeostasis, yet the relative roles of active vessel pumping, external mechanical forces, and lymphatic vessel/interstitium material properties on lymphatic uptake remain unclear. We sought to quantify how each factor affects lymphatic drainage. Method We developed a bond-graph-based computational framework for modelling initial lymphatic uptake. Two networks, a simple 7-branch and...
Introduction Picocyanobacteria from the genera Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus thrive across the globe in aquatic environments, have relatively small genomes, and have growth dynamics regulated by both viral interactions and abiotic conditions, making them excellent model organisms for exploring host-pathogencoevolution. Methods We developed and refined methods to sample and sequence cyanobacteria, cyanophages, and measured...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...