Phase shifts can occur in ecosystems because of external stressors. Such transitions from one state (e.g., clear water, seagrass) to another (e.g., phytoplankton blooms, bare substrate) continue to be documented worldwide. In estuaries, stressors related to urban and suburban development are often implicated in phase shifts, including altered hydrology and eutrophication. Tidal creeks may be especially prone to phase shifts as...

Lifespans of animals inform us about generation length, underpinning assessments of extinction risk and models for fishery harvest strategies. Uncertainty and contention endure about the lifespans of coral reef echinoderms, especially soft-bodied sea cucumbers. We used a photographic mark–recapture study at Lizard Island, Australia, to validate longevity, growth and displacement in the large sea cucumber Bohadschia argus . Thi...

Three new isatin–pyridine-2-oxime hybrids (AM01–03) were synthesized and experimentally evaluated as reactivators of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibited by a surrogate of the nerve agent A-242, in comparison with their 4-oxime isomers previously reported by our research group. Furthermore, the interactions of these molecules within the AChE/A-242 complex were assessed through docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations....

Climate change poses an unprecedented risk to fisheries ecosystems and economies globally. Ocean warming has led to observed geographic shifts and changes in the productivity of fish stocks. Due to the rapid pace of change in many of the world's oceans, there is a critical need to develop and apply scientific knowledge and tools that can help account for non‐stationarity and integrate climate and ecosystem drivers into fishery...

Current standard practices of planting Ammophila breviligulata and other grasses to stabilize dunes on the North American Atlantic Coast may be enhanced by using the native woody vine Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Vitaceae). A series of five greenhouse experiments using plants sampled from coastal and inland habitats tested if there are ecotypes of P. quinquefolia that will perform better for coastal sand dune restoration. We t...

Foliar moisture content (FMC) plays a crucial role in arid, frequent-fire forests by influencing fire behavior, tree survival, and serving as a proxy for tree health. Management actions such as mechanical thinning, flammable fuels reduction, and prescribed fires can act to mitigate wildfire risk and improve forest health by reducing fuel connectivity, diversifying forest structure, and creating canopy gaps. These management ac...

Aim We aim to reconstruct the phylogeographical history of Musa acuminata subsp. banksii across New Guinea and Australia and to test whether its occurrence in Australia results from ancient natural dispersal or recent human‐mediated translocation. Location New Guinea and northern Australia (Sahul Shelf). Taxon M. acuminata subsp. banksii (F.Muell.) N.W.Simmonds (Musaceae). Methods We generated genome‐wide single nucleotide pol...

Aim Remote island systems with small landmasses and reliable estimates of human occupancy can be ideal models to disentangle the roles of global climatic changes and local human occupation on biota. Here, we explored this with demographic reconstructions of native, ground‐nesting bees with non‐specialised floral visitation habits to infer changes in effective population size ( N e ). Location Viti Levu, Fiji, South West Pacifi...

A number of factors that have been reported to affect transformation/regeneration rate in plants were studied in multiple eucalypt genotypes. These include surfactant, acetosyringone, fipexide, basal media, activated charcoal, ascorbic acid, lipoic acid, proline, cytokinins, sugars, spectinomycin selection, Agrobacterium strains and concentrations, forchlorfenuron, PVP, silver nitrate, and explant heating prior to cocultivatio...

Rationale Mu opioid receptor (MOR) analgesics like morphine have high intrinsic MOR efficacy but produce side effects. Lower efficacy MOR agonists like buprenorphine can produce analgesia with improved safety. We recently described a series of novel phenylmorphan-based MOR agonists with graded MOR efficacies, including several with sub-buprenorphine efficacies, and we described their acute effectiveness in mice to produce (a)...