Diel vertical migrations in the ocean play a key role in predator-prey dynamics and the functioning of the biological carbon pump. However, changes in ocean conditions including warming and deoxygenation threaten to significantly perturb vertical migration patterns over the twenty-first century. Specifically, vertical migrations over regions of critically low oxygen, known as oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), are likely to be most...

Coastal hypoxia in the densely populated Indian Ocean regions has dramatic consequences for ecosystems and ecosystem services such as fisheries and coastal protection. However, inadequate understanding of the spatio‐temporal variability of coastal hypoxia in the region, and its physical and biological drivers, poses a major challenge for anticipating these risks. Here we use in‐situ observations and a high‐resolution (1/12 deg...

Since 1980, atmospheric pollutants in South Asia and India have dramatically increased in response to industrialization and agricultural development, enhancing the atmospheric deposition of anthropogenic nitrogen in the northern Indian Ocean and potentially promoting primary productivity. Concurrently, ocean warming has increased stratification and limited the supply of nutrients supporting primary productivity. Here, we exami...