Samuel J. Edwards results 27
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Multi-fidelity data-driven approach to operational guidanceNARA Subscribed
Motivation Here, we make available a second version of the BioTIME database, which compiles records of abundance estimates for species in sample events of ecological assemblages through time. The updated version expands version 1.0 of the database by doubling the number of studies and includes substantial additional curation to the taxonomic accuracy of the records, as well as the metadata. Moreover, we now provide an R packag...
Plant stable carbon (δ 13 C) and nitrogen (δ 15 N) isotope values can be used to directly investigate crop husbandry practices such as manuring; a key variable in understanding the scale and intensity of past farming practices. We present new results from a four-year experiment examining the impact of manuring on the δ 13 C and δ 15 N values of a heritage cultivar of the broad or faba bean ( Vicia faba ), the ‘Celtic black bro...
The Kelp Forest Challenge: A collaborative global movement to protect and restore 4 million hectares of kelp forestsNARA Subscribed
Marine kelp forests cover 1/3 of our world's coastlines, are heralded as a nature-based solution to address socio-environmental issues, connect hundreds of millions of people with the ocean, and support a rich web of biodiversity throughout our oceans. But they are increasingly threatened with some areas reporting over 90% declines in kelp forest cover in living memory. Despite their importance and the threats they face, kelp...
Isopropyl alcohol inhalation versus 5-HT3 antagonists for treatment of nausea: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trialsNARA Subscribed
Purpose Nausea is a common and unpleasant sensation for which current therapies such as serotonin (5-HT 3 ) antagonists are often ineffective, while also conferring a risk of potential adverse events. Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) has been proposed as a treatment for nausea. We aimed to compare IPA with 5-HT 3 antagonists for the treatment of nausea across all clinical settings. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, CENTRAL and CINAHL we...
A possible role for river restoration enhancing biodiversity through interaction with wildfireNARA Subscribed
Background Historically, wildfire regimes produced important landscape‐scale disturbances in many regions globally. The “pyrodiversity begets biodiversity” hypothesis suggests that wildfires that generate temporally and spatially heterogeneous mosaics of wildfire severity and post‐burn recovery enhance biodiversity at landscape scales. However, river management has often led to channel incision that disconnects rivers from the...
Key message Eight soybean genomic regions, including six never before reported, were found to be associated with resistance to soybean rust ( Phakopsora pachyrhizi ) in the southeastern USA. Abstract Soybean rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi is one of the most important foliar diseases of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Although seven Rpp resistance gene loci have been reported, extensive pathotype variation in and among...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
The global abundance of tree palmsNARA Subscribed
Aim Palms are an iconic, diverse and often abundant component of tropical ecosystems that provide many ecosystem services. Being monocots, tree palms are evolutionarily, morphologically and physiologically distinct from other trees, and these differences have important consequences for ecosystem services (e.g., carbon sequestration and storage) and in terms of responses to climate change. We quantified global patterns of tree...
Temporal stability of ecosystem functioning increases the predictability and reliability of ecosystem services, and understanding the drivers of stability across spatial scales is important for land management and policy decisions. We used species‐level abundance data from 62 plant communities across five continents to assess mechanisms of temporal stability across spatial scales. We assessed how asynchrony (i.e. different uni...
Priority research questions for the UK food systemNARA Subscribed
The rise of food security up international political, societal and academic agendas has led to increasing interest in novel means of improving primary food production and reducing waste. There are however, also many ‘post-farm gate’ activities that are critical to food security, including processing, packaging, distributing, retailing, cooking and consuming. These activities all affect a range of important food security elemen...