To understand the controls on distributions of ice algal communities in spring and the role of ice algae in under‐ice bloom development through possible seeding, we sampled the ice and water column in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas over spring and summer. Field observations showed that high springtime concentrations of bottom ice algal communities were released from the ice into the water column by summer. Furthermore, during o...

Eight Ice‐Tethered Profilers were deployed in the Arctic Ocean between 2011 and 2013 to measure vertical distributions of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and other bio‐optical properties in ice‐covered water columns, multiple times a day over periods of up to a year. With the radiometers used on these profilers, PAR could be measured to depths of only ∼20–40 m in the central Arctic in late summer under sea ice ∼1 m t...

We used a time‐lapse imaging approach to examine cell division in the marine centric diatom Ditylum brightwellii and observed that daughter cells who inherited their parents& hypothecal frustule half were more likely to divide before their sisters. This is consistent with observations in Escherichia coli of a bias between sister cells, where faster growth in one sister is thought to arise from its inheriting parental material...