Although plasma pTau181 has been shown to accurately discriminate patients with Alzheimer’s disease from healthy older adults, there are few studies of plasma biomarkers among middle-aged populations. Given the potential utility of plasma AD biomarkers such as pTau181 in screening for disease risk, examining pTau181 in a middle-aged cohort without AD is important for future implementation. The objectives of this study were to...

In the present study, Himalayan cedar samples from eight climate‐stressed sites were collected and used to examine the snowfall variability over the Lahaul‐Spiti region. The tree‐growth and climate relationship was explored using response function analysis, which revealed a positive tree‐growth relationship with precipitation and a negative relationship with temperature. The response function analysis also suggested that cool...

Introduction This study investigated the characteristics and trends of pediatric exposures to caffeine energy products reported to US poison centers Methods National Poison Data System data for caffeine energy product single-substance exposures during 2011–2023 among individuals < 20 years old were analyzed. Results There were 32,482 caffeine energy product exposures reported to US poison centers with a 17.3% exposure rate inc...

HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are a major comorbidity of HIV-1 infection, marked by impairment of executive function varying in severity. HAND affects nearly half of people living with HIV (PLWH), with mild forms predominating since the use of anti-retroviral therapies (ART). The HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (Tat) protein is found in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients adherent to ART, and its admin...