Purpose We conducted a comprehensive analysis of esketamine-related adverse events (AE) on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database, taking into account for the first time drug-drug interaction signals. Methods We conducted a retrospective case/non-case study of esketamine-related AEs reported in the FAERS database up to the last quarter (Q4) of 2024. Potential signals were detected using the reporting odds rati...

Patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) are at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during treatment with nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs). Several factors, including abnormal ALT levels during NA treatment, are associated with HCC risk; however, the mechanisms of ALT abnormalities remain unknown. Here, deletions in the preS1/2 region of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome were evaluated in the context of persistent ALT...

Aspartic acid racemization is a useful tool for estimating age in marine mammals; however, acid hydrolysis during sample preparation may increase the D ‐ to L ‐enantiomer ratio. To improve age estimation in Antarctic minke whale ( Balaenoptera bonaerensis ), we optimized the quantification of aspartic acid enantiomers in ocular lens by using ultraperformance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry combined with sample p...

Purpose Multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) is located at the interface between two syncytiotrophoblast layers in rodent placenta, and may influence fetal drug distribution. Here, we quantitatively compare the functional impact per single MDR1 molecule of MDR1 at the placental barrier and blood-brain barrier in mice. Methods MDR1A and MDR1B proteins were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)...

The utility of progesterone concentration in blubber as a means of determining reproductive status in the Antarctic minke whale Balaenoptera bonaerensis was assessed through a comparative analysis of progesterone concentration in blubber and plasma among 230 female whales of known reproductive status (immature, resting, ovulating or pregnant). Whales were sampled during the austral summer in the Antarctic Ocean. The general pa...

Summary Bacterial attachments to nearly the entire surface of flagellated protists in the guts of termites and the wood‐feeding cockroach Cryptocercus are often observed. Based on the polymerase chain reaction‐amplified 16S rRNA gene sequences, we investigated the phylogenetic relationships of the rod‐shaped, attached bacteria (ectosymbionts) of several protist species from five host taxa and confirmed their identity by fluore...